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Great 7pts Reading log 1 - Using Mathematical Models to Study the Dispersion of Exotic Marine Species

__Before reading__ *Read the tilte and list 10 words you think you might find in the text. A: Jelly, fish, geometry, round, circles, six, hexagon, study, biology, tides.

 *How can you use math applied to biology. Mention one thing you can think of. A: For DNA structures, genetic mappings, molecule counting, cell structures, etc.

 *What do you know about jelly fish? What kind of fish is it? If you don't know, find out, cut and paste an image of this fish. Please acknowledge the source.

A: (http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcStSt7w1wP1K8WawAUil7ygtBlWnsQ1NYDaD2WEWIOAhxzEMODnAA)

**Jellyfish** (also known as **jellies** or **sea jellies** or **Medusozoa**) are free-swimming members of the phylum [|Cnidaria]. Jellyfish have several different morphologies that represent several different cnidarian classes including the [|Scyphozoa] (over 200 species), [|Staurozoa] (about 50 species), [|Cubozoa] (about 20 species), and [|Hydrozoa] (about 1000–1500 species that make jellyfish and many more that do not).[|[1]][|[2]] //**[|Medusa] **//is another word for //jellyfish//, and refers to any free-swimming jellyfish stages in the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish are found in every ocean, from the surface to the deep sea. Some hydrozoan jellyfish, or hydromedusae, are also found in fresh water; freshwater species are less than an inch (25 mm) in diameter, are colorless and do not sting. These are the large, often colorful, jellyfish that are common in coastal zones worldwide. Scientists have evidence of Jellyfish roaming the seas for about 500 million years. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[|[3]] <span style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">In its broadest sense, the term jellyfish also generally refers to members of the phylum <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|Ctenophora]. Although not closely related to cnidarian jellyfish, ctenophores are also free-swimming planktonic carnivores, are generally transparent or translucent, and exist in shallow to deep portions of all the world's oceans. <span style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">Alternative names for groups of jellyfish are <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|scyphomedusae], <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|stauromedusae] , <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|cubomedusae] , and <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;">[|hydromedusae]. These may relate to an entire order or class. <span style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">(From Wikipedia) <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"> *What is dispersion? If you don't know, find out, please acknowledge the source.

A:

<span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"> __While Reading and After Reading__ <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"> 1. Click on the following link so that you can read the article. [|Using Mathematical Models to Study the Dispersion of Exotic Marine Species students version.doc]

<span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">2. Try to locate the words you though you were going to find in the text (question 1 before reading) List the words you found <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;"> 3. Find what the following referents in bold letters refer to in the text:


 * <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The species of Jellyfish studied are known as Aurelia and **these** are found over much of the world’s temperate oceans.
 * <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">By simulating the movement of the jellyfish over a 7,000-year period the study provides strong evidence that the world-wide dispersal post-dates European global shipping and trade, **which** began almost 500 years ago.
 * <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Ships take in water for stability before a voyage and, despite preventative measures such as mid-ocean exchange/ flushing, **this 'foreign' water** and **its contents** can find its way into bays and harbors at the ships destination.

<span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">4. What is happening with the fish? The fish are dispersing all over the sea and in places they have never gone in decades of history.
 * <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">The computer model could answer similar questions about the migration and introduction of any suspected non-native marine creatures, according to **its** developers Professor Matthew England and Alex Sen Gupta.
 * <span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Now we have a tool that can include data on currents, geography and the biology of an organism to help separate natural dispersal **from that which happens** through shipping and trade

<span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">5. What explanation scientists had given?

They are everywhere because of international shipping and trade, because of the lifecycle of the Moon Jelllyfish and the climate. They make with all the current information a mathematical model of the dispersion over time.

<span style="color: #0077ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;">6. What did mathematicians find out? What does the formula explain?

The formula explains the innatural migration of the jellyfish that occurs via ballast water from international shipping.